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AFA1105 Accounting for Management: Crown Resorts Limited Assessment 3 Answer

Bachelor of Tourism and Hospitality Management

AFA1105 ACCOUNTING FOR MANAGEMENT 2020 Semester 1

TASK:

Download from LMS a copy of CROWN RESORTS LIMITED (the Company) annual reports for the financial years 2019, 2018, 2017, 2016 and write a report of the Company under the following sections.

Use the below Format:

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY (5 marks. Approximately 200 words)

This section should be written up after your report has been written. It should give a summary of your main findings about CROWN RESORTS LIMITED in terms of its Profitability, Liquidity, Asset Efficiency, Capital Structure and Market Performance over these years

COMPANY OVERVIEW (5 marks. Approximately 200 words)

This section should give the reader a broad sense of the Company’s operations (for example what its main operations are, the number of locations, the regions they operate in, the industry and competitors etc).

Such information is easily available from the internet and from the Directors’ Report in the 2019 annual report. Please reference your sources.

Analysis (40 marks. Approximately 1000 words)

Trend analysis

Using a trend analysis and the 2016 year as the base year, calculate the trend for Total revenue and net profit after tax up to including the 2019 financial year.

Graph the trends from your findings from the 2016 year and up to and including the 2019 financial year. (10 Marks)

Vertical analysis Using a Vertical

  1. Calculate each item in the 2019 profit and loss, with revenues at the base index of 100 (7.5 marks)
  2. Calculate each item in the 2019 balance sheet as a percentage of assets and liabilities. (7.5 marks)
  3. Ratio analysis (15 marks)

From the Company’s 2019 and 2018 financial statements and notes to financial statements, calculate the following ratios based on what you were taught. Explain what the ratios mean in general and comment specifically on what they tell about the Company’s performance. Examine and explain how the ratios are trending and comment/explain if the trend is favourable or not.

Note:

Use Profit after Income Tax Expense and Sales Revenue, Total Revenue, Total Equity and Total Assets in the Statement of Financial Position.




2019

2018
Return on Equity (ROE)
Net Profit After Tax / Average Equity (%)


Return on Assets (ROA)
Net Profit After Tax / Average Assets (%)


Net Profit Margin
Net Profit After Tax / Total Revenue (%)


Calculate Current Ratio and Quick Asset Ratio for the years 2019 and 2018. Show it in a table as in the previous sections and comment on the Company’s liquidity position.

Note:

Use Total Current Assets and Total Current Liabilities in the Statement of Financial Position.



2019
2018
Current Ratio
Current Assets/Current Liabilities


Quick Ratio
(Current Assets – Prepayment – Inventory)/Current Liabilities


Conclusion (5 marks. Approximately 100 words)

This section sums up the key points of your discussion and summarise the key findings, outcomes or information in your report.

Answer

Crown Resorts Limited
AFA1105: Accounting for Management (Assessment 3)

Executive Summary

The following report discusses Crown Resorts (ASX: CWN) which is one of the largest players in gaming and entertainment market of Australia. The period of analysis is 2016 till 2019 and various line items will be analysed to determine how the company is performing with respect to the Profitability, Liquidity, Asset Efficiency, Capital Structure and Market Performance over these years.

The analysis will begin by understanding various liens of business that generate revenue for the company and determine the trend of these line items. Then the analysis will be done using vertical analysis technique whereby the profit and loss statement as well as balance sheet items will be studied as percentage of a base, such as, revenue, total assets or total liabilities. The report will also perform a brief ratio analysis to see the company performance during the analysis period.

Company Overview

Crown Resorts (ASX: CWN) was founded in 2007 and is headquartered in Melbourne, Australia. The Company is one of the largest players in gaming and entertainment market of Australia.  

For the financial year ending June 2019, the Company reported a normalised net profit after tax of $368.6 million, a decline of 47% from the previous year. The decline is mainly attributed to the subdued market conditions. As of 2019, the Company had more than 18,500 employees.

The Company has two major properties, namely, Crown Melbourne and Crown Perth. Both are Australia’s leading integrated resorts that accounted for 32 million visits during the year. For the year 2019, Crown Melbourne reported normalised revenue of $2,155.4 million, down by 5.4% and normalised EBITDA of $589.5 million, down by 8.6% as compared to the previous year. While Crown Perth reported normalised revenue of $799.4 million, down by 5.3% and normalised EBITDA of $221.8 million, down by 10.8% as compared to the previous year. Apart from this, Crown Aspinalls (gambling club in London) and Crown Digital (online social gaming operations) reported EBITDA of $6.4 million and $26.1 million, respectively. Crown Aspinalls indicated a decline of more than 45% in EBITDA indicating stressed economic environment (Company Annual Report, 2019).

Analysis

Trend Analysis

Using a trend analysis and the 2016 year as the base year, calculate the trend for Total revenue and net profit after tax up to including the 2019 financial year. 

Graph the trends from your findings from the 2016 year and up to and including the 2019 financial year

Revenue Categories

Crown Resorts draws its major revenue from following lines of business:

  • Crown Melbourne Resort: One of the leading integrated resorts in Australia, Crown Melbourne features luxury accommodation, world-class gaming and other entertainment options, award-winning dining options, conferencing, shopping, etc. 

Crown Melbourne reported normalised EBITDA of $589.5 million, a decline of 8.6% from 2018, mainly on account of decline in VIP program play related revenue and increase in costs. 

  • Crown Perth Resort: One of the most coveted tourist destination in Western Australia, Melbourne, Crown Perth features three hotels, world-class gaming and other entertainment options, 2000 seat plus theatre, restaurants, bars, conferencing, shopping, etc. 

Crown Perth reported normalised EBITDA of $221.8 million, a decline of 10.8% from 2018, mainly on account of decline in revenue from major components like VIP program play, main floor gaming and non-gaming and increase in labour and fixed costs. 

  • Crown Aspinalls: The Company also boasts of a licensed high-end casino in London’s prime West end entertainment district in central Mayfair. It offers VIP gaming options of international level. Crown group also holds 50% stake in Aspers Group that has four regional casinos in the UK. 

Crown Aspinalls reported normalised EBITDA of $6.4million, a decline of 46.5% from 2018. 

  • Crown Digital: The income from wagering and online social gaming operations. The Company fully owns Betfair Australasia which is an online betting exchange. The Company also owns majority stake of 85% in DGN Games which is an online social gaming business. The Company also owns 50% stake in Chill Gaming, accounted as an investment.

Crown Digital reported normalised EBITDA of $26.1million, a decline of 27% from 2018. It must be noted that the Company sold CrownBet in February 2018. BetFair Australasia indicates strong growth despite point of consumption taxes while DGN Games indicates growing revenue but also a challenging environment with intense competition and high acquisition costs. 

  • Other Investments and Interests: The Company also has 20% interest in Nobu which is one of top recognized lifestyle hotel/restaurant brand with around 50 restaurants and hotels and a strong pipeline.
  • Crown Group also owns 50% stake in One Queensbridge site located strategically next to Crown Melbourne’s entertainment complex. The Company is in final stage of negotiation to buy remaining 50% stake from the Schiavello Group which will make it 100% owner. Additionally, Crown Sydney Hotel Resort is progressing well with the construction. It will have 349 rooms and suites as well as luxury residences, apart from integrated facilities such that it will be city’s first six-star hotel on foreshore of Sydney Harbour. 

A detailed break-up of 2019 revenue is presented below:

Operating Revenue ($m)Crown MelbourneCrown PerthCrown AspinallsWagering & OnlineUnallocatedCrown Group
Main Floor Tables772.4186.8---959.2
Main Floor Machines462.7267.4---730.1
VIP Program play441.472.054.9--568.3
Wagering and non gaming478.9273.21.1130.11.5884.8
Intersegment------3.2
TOTAL2,155.4799.456.0130.11.53,139.2
Interest Revenue-----26.5
TOTAL REVENUE2,155.4799.456.0130.11.53,165.7
-Adjustment




-236.3
Actual Revenue




2,929.4

The following table presents total actual revenue from various lines of business for the period of 2016 to 2019:

Actual ($mn)2016201720182019
Crown Melbourne2,312.51,994.82,279.02,155.4
Crown Perth922.0830.1844.5799.4
Crown Aspinalls108.299.864.456.0
Wagering & Online229.9303.3293.0130.1
Unallocated12.33.34.51.5
Crown Group3,599.73,239.83,513.53,165.7

For convenience of analysis, the data above is presented graphically:annual revenue categories line graph

annual revenue categories graph

The first graph presents absolute numbers from each category while the second graph presents share of each category in total revenue for the year. 

From the first graph, it can be seen that while 2018 was the peak year during the four year period, 2019 has registered a decline for all categories.  

From the second graph, it can be seen that the major revenue is drawn from Crown Melbourne, followed by Crown Perth. Together, they form major chunk of the revenues with remaining coming from Crown Aspinalls, and Crown Digital. 

Crown Digital’s share has registered a continuous decline from 2017 that needs to be analysed as it can be a major source of revenue. The decline in 2019 was steep with revenue declining from $293.0million to $130.1million, a decline of 55.60%.

Crown Aspinalls forms a very small portion of revenue but has registered decline as well.

The decline in revenue from Crown Melbourne is of concern as it is the top revenue grosser for the Company and 2019 has indicated a steep decline of 5.73%. Crown Perth has also indicated similar pattern.

Net Profit After Tax (NPAT)

The following table and graph indicates NPAT and revenue for the analysis period of 2016 till 2019:

Actual ($mn)2016201720182019
Crown Group Revenue    3,617.8     3,345.3     3,085.3     2,929.4 
NPAT        573.2     1,825.0         573.2         402.9 

crown group revenue and npat

The above graph clearly shows the continuous declining trend in group revenue which is mainly due to subdued market sentiment that people are spending less on entertainment and luxury. However, a comparison must be made to peers to see if the trend is similar. 

With respect to NPAT, 2017 was the peak year where despite the declined revenue, the NPAT increased almost two-folds. However, the same declined steeply in 2018 and then again in 2019 showing dismal performance. NPAT as percentage of revenue has alos been declining indicating increasing costs or other obligations.

Vertical Analysis

2019 Profit & Loss Statement

The below table presents all the figures in profit and loss statement of 2019 as percentage of revenue for the year:

  2019 ($mn) as %of Revenue
Revenues            2,929.2 100.00%
Other Income                    0.2 0.01%
Expenses          -2,326.8 -79.43%
Share of profits of associates and joint venture entities                  13.3 0.45%
Profit before income tax and finance costs               615.9 21.03%
Finance Costs                -36.6 -1.25%
Profit before income tax               579.3 19.78%
Income tax expense              -176.4 -6.02%
Net Profit after tax               402.9 13.75%
   
Attributable to:  
Equity holders of the Parent               401.8 13.72%
Non-controlling interests                    1.1 0.04%

The net profit margin is 13.75% while the expenses form a huge 79.43% of revenues.

2019 Balance Sheet



2019 ($mn)as %of Asset/Liabilities
Current Assets




Cash & Cash Equivalents1,126.014.75%

Trade & Other Receivables98.71.29%

Inventories16.70.22%

Prepayments38.10.50%

Other financial assets5.50.07%
Total CA
1,285.016.83%
Non-Current Assets




Receivables157.82.07%

Other financial assets37.50.49%

Investments in associates206.92.71%

PPE4,259.055.79%

Intangible assets - licenses1,064.013.94%

Other intangible assets415.35.44%

Deferred tax assets159.52.09%

Other assets48.80.64%
Total Non Current Assets

6,348.883.17%
Total Assets


7,633.8100.00%
Current Liabilities




Trade & Other payables433.117.07%

Interest-bearing loans and borrowings287.611.34%

Income tax payable153.96.07%

Provisions186.07.33%
Total Current Liabilities

1,060.641.81%
Non-Current Liabilities




Other payables255.110.06%

Interest-bearing loans and borrowings791.031.18%

Deferred tax liabilities401.515.83%

Provisions24.20.95%

Other financial Liabilities4.50.18%
Total Non-Current Liabilities

1,476.358.19%
Total Liabilities

2,536.9100.00%
Net Assets

5,096.966.77%
Equity




Contributed equity-203.3

Treasury Shares-

Reserves1.4

Retained Earnings5,298.8
Total Equity

5,096.9

Ratio Analysis

 201720182019
NPAT           573.20           402.90 
Total Revenue       3,083.10       2,929.20 
Equity      5,175.37       5,157.90       5,096.90 
Assets      8,552.62       8,171.70       7,633.80 
Return on Equity (ROE) 
Net Profit After Tax / Average Equity (%) 11.09%7.86%
Return on Assets (ROA) 
Net Profit After Tax / Average Assets (%) 6.85%5.10%
Net Profit Margin 
Net Profit After Tax / Total Revenue (%) 18.59%13.75%

The utilised formulae as well as figures have been presented in table above. It can be seen that all the three ratios have registered a decline from 2018 to 2019. 

Conclusion

The above report presented a detailed analysis of Crown Resort company in Australia. The main focus points were revenue and profit. It was seen that there are multiple revenue categories and same were discussed in detail, including various revenue streams under each line of business. Further, the trend in revenue was also studied where the top revenue grosser Crown Melbourne showed a concerning decline in revenue as well as EBITDA. It was also seen that Crown Digital is also contracting although Betfair Australasia is doing well. The company is focussing on increasing the revenue from this segment as it seems promising.

The analysis then moved to vertical analysis which indicated that costs and expenses are very high proportion of revenue indicating lower net profit margins. Hence, costs need to be controlled.

It also indicated that non-current borrowings are more than 30% of the total liabilities and along with current borrowings; this comes to 42.52% which is very high ratio of loans. This can be particularly concerning given the revenue and profit situation of the company.

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